Freight forwarders, customs brokers, and logistics providers don't import goods themselves, but they are central to every bill of entry in India. Their operational practices — document turnaround, CHA relationships, ICD/CFS handling, and LCL deconsolidation — determine whether their clients face smooth Green channel clearances or expensive Red channel delays.
Logistics Provider Roles in BoE
| Role | Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Freight Forwarder | Arranges transport; issues House BL; provides AWB; coordinates with importer for documents |
| NVOCC (Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) | Issues House BL for LCL; responsible for deconsolidation at CFS |
| CHA (Customs House Agent) | Files bill of entry; handles e-Sanchit; responds to queries; coordinates port release |
| CFS Operator | Physical handling; unpacking; delivery on OOC; storage |
| ICD Operator | Inland customs clearance; bonded facilities; rail/road connection to ports |
LCL Import — Bill of Entry Specifics
For Less than Container Load (LCL) consolidation:
- NVOCC issues House Bill of Lading; shipping line issues Master BL
- Both BL numbers must be referenced; BoE typically cites House BL
- Goods arrive in consolidated container; deconsolidated at CFS
- Each LCL consignment is treated as a separate import for duty purposes
- CFS charges apply per consignment after deconsolidation
ICD-Based Clearance (Inland Container Depot)
India has 250+ ICDs and CFS facilities that allow customs clearance away from the seaport. Benefits:
- Reduced demurrage at congested seaports
- Clearance closer to importer's factory or warehouse
- ICD port code used on bill of entry instead of seaport code
- Transit from seaport to ICD under customs seal/bond
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Frequently asked questions
The CHA (Custom House Agent) is licensed by CBIC to file bills of entry on behalf of importers. They classify goods, calculate duty, file on ICEGATE, upload e-Sanchit documents, and coordinate port release.
Inland Container Depot — a customs-bonded facility inland where goods can be cleared instead of at the seaport. ICD clearance reduces port congestion and saves demurrage for importers located inland.